Database types pdf

Types of Database Management Systems. Arjun Panwar Updated date Jun 09, There are several types of database management systems. Here is a list of seven common database management systems:. In a hierarchical database management system hierarchical DBMSs model, data is stored in a parent-children relationship node. In a hierarchical database model, data is organized into a tree-like structure.

The data is stored in the form of a collection of fields where each field contains only one value. The records are linked to each other via links into a parent-children relationship. In a hierarchical database model, each child record has only one parent. A parent can have multiple children. The hierarchical database system structure was developed by IBM in the early s.

While the hierarchical structure is simple, it is inflexible due to the parent-child one-to-many relationship. Hierarchical databases are widely used to build high-performance and availability applications usually in the banking and telecommunications industries.

A hierarchical database can be accessed and updated rapidly. As shown in the figure above, its model structure is like a tree and the relationships between records are defined in advance. This feature is a double-edged sword. Network database management systems Network DBMSs use a network structure to create a relationship between entities. Network databases are mainly used on large digital computers. Network databases are hierarchical databases, but unlike hierarchical databases where one node can have a single parent only, a network node can have a relationship with multiple entities.

A network database looks more like a cobweb or interconnected network of records. In network databases, children are called members and parents are called occupiers. The difference between each child or member is that it can have more than one parent. The approval of the network data model is similar to a hierarchical data model. Data in a network database is organized in many-to-many relationships.

The network database structure was invented by Charles Bachman. In a relational database management system RDBMS , the relationship between data is relational and data is stored in tabular form of columns and rows. Each column of a table represents an attribute and each row in a table represents a record. Each field in a table represents a data value. Relational databases work on each table that has a key field that uniquely indicates each row. These key fields can be used to connect one table of data to another.

Relational databases are the most popular and widely used databases. In this Model, we have to discuss the functionality of object-oriented Programming. It takes more than the storage of programming language objects. It provides full-featured database programming capabilities while containing native language compatibility. It adds the database functionality to object programming languages. This approach is analogical of the application and database development into a constant data model and language environment.

Applications require less code, use more natural data modeling, and code bases are easier to maintain. The end user is usually not concerned about the transaction or operations done at various levels and is only aware of the product which may be a software or an application. Summary of whole information is collected in this database. These are the paid versions of the huge databases designed uniquely for the users who want to access the information for help.

These databases are subject specific, and one cannot afford to maintain such a huge information. Access to such databases is provided through commercial links. These are used for large sets of distributed data. There are some big data performance issues which are effectively handled by relational databases, such kind of issues are easily managed by NoSQL databases.

There are very efficient in analyzing large size unstructured data that may be stored at multiple virtual servers of the cloud. Information related to operations of an enterprise is stored inside this database. Functional lines like marketing, employee relations, customer service etc.

These databases are categorized by a set of tables where data gets fit into a pre-defined category. The table consists of rows and columns where the column has an entry for data for a specific category and rows contains instance for that data defined according to the category.

There are various simple operations that can be applied over the table which makes these databases easier to extend, join two databases with a common relation and modify all existing applications. Now a day, data has been specifically getting stored over clouds also known as a virtual environment, either in a hybrid cloud, public or private cloud. A cloud database is a database that has been optimized or built for such a virtualized environment. There are various benefits of a cloud database, some of which are the ability to pay for storage capacity and bandwidth on a per-user basis, and they provide scalability on demand, along with high availability.

A cloud database also gives enterprises the opportunity to support business applications in a software-as-a-service deployment. An object-oriented database is a collection of object-oriented programming and relational database. An object-oriented database is organized around objects rather than actions, and data rather than logic. For example, a multimedia record in a relational database can be a definable data object, as opposed to an alphanumeric value.